Musicoterapia y ansiedad en pacientes adultos cubanos sometidos a extracción dentaria
Palabras clave:
Anxiety, Music, Music Therapy, Tooth Extraction.Resumen
Introducción: La musicoterapia es una disciplina científica que puede influir en la disminución de la ansiedad durante procedimientos médicos.
Objetivo: Describir los efectos de la musicoterapia sobre la ansiedad en pacientes cubanos sometidos a extracción dental.
Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cuasi-experimental de grupos paralelos. Los participantes fueron asignados aleatoriamente a dos grupos (con y sin musicoterapia durante la extracción dental). Se utilizó una versión cubana de la Escala de Ansiedad ante el Tratamiento Estomatológico Modificada para medir la ansiedad antes y después de la extracción. Se registraron variables como edad, sexo, presencia de ansiedad y disminución de la misma. Los datos se procesaron en RStudio aplicando estadística inferencial y bayesiana.
Resultados: 155 (38,6 %) participantes eran hombres y 247 (61,4 %) mujeres, para un total de 402 pacientes. El 93,5 % tenía ansiedad antes de la extracción y el 73,6 % permaneció ansioso después. El odds ratio (1.55) indica que quienes recibieron musicoterapia tienen 1.55 veces más probabilidades de experimentar una disminución de la ansiedad. El análisis bayesiano no encontró evidencia suficiente para concluir que la musicoterapia reduce la ansiedad.
Conclusiones: No se puede concluir categóricamente que la musicoterapia disminuye los niveles de ansiedad durante la extracción dental. Sin embargo, en el grupo que recibió musicoterapia, la mayoría de los participantes experimentó una reducción porcentual de la ansiedad.Descargas
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