Comparación in vitro de la resistencia a la fractura en sistemas poste-muñón en dientes con diferente número de paredes dentinarias
Palabras clave:
técnica de poste y muñón; análisis de estrés dental; in vitro; dientes tratados endodónticamente; resistencia a la fracturaResumen
Introducción: Los dientes tratados endodónticamente presentan un debilitamiento estructural y son más propensos a la fractura debido a la pérdida de estructura dentaria, especialmente cuando falta una o más paredes coronarias. La restauración de estos dientes mediante sistemas de poste y muñón de fibra es una estrategia común; sin embargo, la influencia del número y la localización de las paredes dentinarias remanentes sobre la resistencia a la fractura sigue siendo incierta.
Objetivo: Comparar la resistencia a la fractura de un sistema de poste y muñón de fibra en dientes tratados endodónticamente con diferentes números y localizaciones de paredes dentinarias remanentes.
Material y Métodos: Estudio experimental in vitro realizado en un laboratorio de investigación de una facultad de odontología. Se seleccionaron 50 premolares humanos extraídos y se asignaron aleatoriamente a 5 grupos (n = 10). Todos los dientes fueron tratados endodónticamente y restaurados con un poste de fibra y un muñón de resina compuesta. Se realizaron procedimientos estandarizados de preparación dentaria y cementación del poste. La normalidad de los datos se evaluó mediante la prueba de Shapiro-Wilk. Las comparaciones entre grupos se realizaron utilizando ANOVA de una vía (p < 0,05).
Resultados: Los valores medios de resistencia a la fractura (±DE) por grupo fueron: 268,77 ± 119,00 N (A); 420,44 ± 132,65 N (B); 363,76 ± 102,57 N (C); 374,10 ± 158,62 N (D); 364,07 ± 147,28 N (Control). No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los grupos (p > 0,05).
Conclusiones: La presencia o ausencia de una sola pared dentinaria, independientemente de su localización, no afectó significativamente la resistencia a la fractura de los dientes tratados endodónticamente restaurados con sistemas de poste y muñón de fibra.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Constanza Molina , Mauricio Toro , Claudio Méndez , Ricardo Cortés , Fernando Romo , Leonardo Díaz , Alain Manuel Chaple-Gil
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
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