COVID-19 in Pediatrics. What is known about it?
Keywords:
COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, epidemic, child, low mortality.Abstract
Introduction: COVID-19 is a global pandemic that threats the survival of man. This health problem shakes health services every day and generates mortality in almost all age groups.
Objective: To provide data on COVID-19 that contribute to improve quality of the care process in children with suspected SARS-CoV-2 or with the infection.
Material and Methods: A review of COVID-19 was carried out in Pubmed/Medline, Science Direct and SciELO. Google Scholar search engine was used. The words coronavirus, COVID-19, and SARS-CoV-2 in Spanish and English were used. The information obtained was classified according to the type of source. After this process, the drafting of the article began.
Development: Most pediatric cases are asymptomatic. Common clinical manifestations include fever, cough, odynophagia, and respiratory difficulty. Although asymptomatic presentation remains to be predominant, respiratory, digestive, neurological and cutaneous involvement is noted in varying degrees. Smoking and other individual conditions are related to the evolution of the disease. Laboratory tests describe leukopenia, above all, in serious ways. Elevation of procalcitonin and C-reactive protein suggest bacterial overinfection, justifying the prescription of antibiotics. Chest X-ray is usually normal, but it may reveal patchy infiltrates in patients with parenchymal involvement. The evolution is favorable and the mortality is low.
Conclusions. COVID-19 in children has a heterogeneous presentation. It is usually asymptomatic, although it may affect systems and organs. It evolves towards recovering in 3-4 weeks.
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