Lifestyles in medical students: a systematic review
Keywords:
Healthy lifestyles, quality of life, health, medical students.Abstract
Introduction: Maintaining a healthy lifestyle is elemental in people who contribute to and promote health, such as medical students.
Objective: To synthesize evidence from previous studies on lifestyles in medical students.
Material and Methods: The search strategies followed PRISMA guidelines. The search was conducted in Spanish and English in: Medline/PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. The selection for the search included all articles meeting the inclusion requirements, published between January 1, 2017 and May 30, 2022. The 13 selected studies were original and conducted in different countries. Five studies were conducted in Europe (38%), six in Asia (46%), one in Australia (8%) and one in Africa (8%). The mean scores of the main assessment instruments used to evaluate the levels of lifestyles were analyzed and the percentages were plotted.
Results: The information on lifestyles was: 25% overweight or obese, 40% not physically active enough, 35% smoking, 55% poor diet, 30% insufficient sleep, and 40% alcohol consumption.
Conclusions: Lifestyle levels in medical students are not the most adequate in various parts of the world. These levels vary in each study, but as an average they express a behavioral concern in this important population that in the future will be the ones who will lead the processes of health promotion, prevention, and treatment of diseases.
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