Survival of pediatric optical keratoplasty and its relationship with preoperative factors
Keywords:
córnea, queratoplastia, pediátrica, supervivencia, ceguera corneal, glaucoma.Abstract
Introduction: Corneal graft survival is considered a measure of success after keratoplasty and is defined as the time between keratoplasty and irreversible loss of graft clarity.
Objective: To estimate the survival of keratoplasty for optical purposes and the associated preoperative factors in pediatric patients.
Material and Methods: A descriptive, retrospective and longitudinal observational study was carried out in pediatric patients undergoing optical keratoplasty. The sample included 42 patients under 18 years of age who underwent keratoplasty for optical purposes at the Ramón Pando Ferrer Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology between 1998 and 2019. Demographic and clinical variables were analyzed; central tendency and dispersion statistics were used for quantitative variables, and the Kaplan-Meier method was used for estimating the survival function, with log-rank tests.
Results: The average age of the patients studied was 8.69 years, with a predominance of males and an average follow-up time of 99.31 months. The most common indication for keratoplasty was corneal leukoma, followed by keratoconus. The one-year survival rate after keratoplasty was 61.2 %. There were significant differences regarding the greater probability of survival in patients younger than 10 years, in the absence of: preoperative pediatric glaucoma, corneal neovascularization, and previous corneal transplant.
Conclusions: The results show similarities with international reports. The influence of preoperative factors on a greater probability of corneal graft survival was evident.
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