Risk factors, chronobiology and sleep disorders in hypertensive adolescents
Keywords:
trastornos del sueño, monitorización ambulatoria de presión arterial, ritmo circadiano, adolescentes, hipertensión, Trastornos del sueño, monitorización ambulatoria de presión arterial, ritmo circadiano, adolescentes, hipertensión.Abstract
Introduction: Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring is an effective instrument for the diagnosis, stratification and management of hypertensive adolescents with sleep disorders.
Objective: To describe the risk factors, chronobiology and sleep disorders in hypertensive adolescents.
Material and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at the Manuel Ascunce Domenech University Hospital in Camagüey during the period from January 2021 to December 2022. Of a universe of 71 hypertensive adolescents with sleep disorders who were selected through intentional non-probabilistic sampling, a total of 60 were studied. The variables analyzed included: age group, sex, those contributed by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, risk factors, circadian rhythm, sleep disorders and high blood pressure phenotype.
Results: There was a predominance of the age group of 17-18 years (56.7%) for both sexes. The male sex reached the greatest preponderance with 47 cases (78.3%), in adolescents with daytime systolic arterial hypertension and hypertension upon awakening. Overweight or obesity (58.3%) was the risk factor with the highest incidence. Sleep disorders were related to the use of electronic devices (35.0%) and the masked arterial hypertension phenotype.
Conclusions: The main risk factors in hypertensive adolescents with sleep disorders were late adolescence, male sex, and overweight or obesity. The non-dipper circadian rhythm allowed us to identify the predominant masked arterial hypertension phenotype in adolescents with sleep disorders due to the use of electronic devices.
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