Risk factors associated with nasopharyngeal colonization in children vaccinated with pneumococcal vaccines. Cienfuegos, 2015-16

Authors

Keywords:

Streptococcus pneumoniae, risk factors, nasopharyngeal colonization, conjugate pneumococcal vaccines

Abstract

Introduction: Nasopharyngeal colonization by pneumococci is defined as the initial moment when the bacterium lodges in the nasopharynx of the person.

Objective: To estimate the proportion of risk factors associated with nasopharyngeal colonization by pneumococci in children vaccinated with conjugate pneumococcal vaccines (CPV).

Material and Methods:  One year after pneumococcal vaccination, a follow-up case-case-control study was conducted in children aged 1-5 years by means of a phase II/III controlled, randomized, double-blind clinical trial. The time horizon was from November 2015 to April 2016.  The study included 50 % of the total of children vaccinated during the experimental study.  The universe consisted of 1135 children who were vaccinated during the clinical trial.  A simple random sampling that included 555 persons was applied. A survey was conducted and nasopharyngeal exudate samples were taken. Tables of frequencies were presented.  Prevalence ratio was used as a measure of association.  Also, 95 % confidence intervals were calculated for each proportion.

Results:  Being between the ages of 2-5 years acts as protective factor against nasopharyngeal colonization with respect to the young child.  Living with persons older than 65 years is a significantly associated risk factor with nasopharyngeal colonization. 

Conclusions: The introduction of pneumococcal vaccines in pre-school children can have a significant impact on colonization burden and the transmission of pneumococcal diseases.

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Author Biographies

Dunia María Chavez Amaro, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Cienfuegos. Cienfuegos.

Doctor en Ciencias Médicas. Especialista Segundo Grado en Pediatría. Profesor Auxiliar.

Maria Felicia Casanova González, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Cienfuegos. Hospital Pediátrico Universitario “Paquito González Cueto”. Cienfuegos.

Doctor en Ciencias Médicas. Especisliata Segundo Grado en Neurofisiología. Profesor e Investigador Titular.

Nivaldo Linares Pérez, Instituto Finlay de Vacunas. La Habana.

Doctor en Ciencias de la Salud. Especialista Segundo Grado en Epidemiología. Profesor e Investigador Titular.

María Eugenia Toledo Romaní, Instituto de Medina Tropical "Pedro Kourí". La Habana.

Doctor en Ciencias de la Salud. Especialista Segundo Grado en Epidemiología. Profesor e Investigador Titular.

Jorge Luis Capote Padrón, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Cienfuegos. Hospital Pediátrico Universitario “Paquito González Cueto”. Cienfuegos.

Máster en Ciencias. Especialista Primer Grado en Cuidados Intensivos y Emergencia con Perfil Pediátrico. Profesor Asistente.

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Published

2021-02-10

How to Cite

1.
Chavez Amaro DM, Casanova González MF, Linares Pérez N, Toledo Romaní ME, Capote Padrón JL. Risk factors associated with nasopharyngeal colonization in children vaccinated with pneumococcal vaccines. Cienfuegos, 2015-16. Rev haban cienc méd [Internet]. 2021 Feb. 10 [cited 2025 Jul. 3];20(2):e3759. Available from: https://revhabanera.sld.cu/index.php/rhab/article/view/3759

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Section

Epidemiological and Salubrity Sciences