Renoprotective effect of erythropoietin in animal models of kidney injury. A systematic review
Keywords:
Erythropoietin, chronic kidney disease, diabetic nephropathy, acute kidney injury, renal hypoxia, renoprotective.Abstract
Introduction: Chronic kidney disease constitutes a serious health problem all over the world and no therapy has evidenced to be effective to prevent it or to stop its progression, consequently, cytoprotective effect substances to the kidney such as erythropoietin, have been studied.
Objective: To evaluate the effect of exogenous erythropoietin as renoprotective in animal models of kidney injury.
Material and Methods: PRISMA method was used to conduct a systematic review of original articles written in English and Spanish and published during the last ten years, in which the cytoprotective effect of erythropoietin in animal models of kidney injury was evaluated. LILACS and Pubmed/Medline databases as well as Google Scholar search engine were used.
Results: A total of 21 articles were included for synthesis and review. Most of the studies were based on animal models of acute kidney injury due to ischemia/reperfusion; only six research works were carried out in animal models of chronic kidney disease, three of them due to diabetic nephropathy. The use of adult Sprague-Dawley and Wistar male rats was predominant and so the high doses of erythropoietin. The schemes for treatment were diverse and they depended on the type of model studied. The effect in the structure and kidney function as well as biomarkers of apoptosis, cell proliferation, vascular restoration, oxidative stress, and inflammation were determined.
Conclusions: Erythropoietin has renoprotective effects in animal models of kidney injury due to antiapoptotic, pro-proliferative, angiogenic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory mechanisms which could be considered as further strategies to prevent or decrease acute or chronic kidney disease.
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